DreamGate's

Collected Dream Texts Bibliographies

Ernest L Hartmann, MD


BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Hartmann E (1959): Investigations of a factor found in certain normal tissues inhibiting ascites tumor growth in the rat and mouse. Brit J Cancer 13: 693-698.

2. Hartmann E, Tan D (1959): An immunologic and immunoelectrophorectic study of the development of hepatoman rats fed DAB. Abs: Institut de Recherches sur le Cancer Gustave Roussy, Paris.

3. Hartmann E, Verdone P (1965): The sleep and dream patterns in a pair of identical twins discordant for schizophrenia. Report to the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep, Washington, DC, March.

4. Hartmann E (1965): Serotonin and dreaming. Report to the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep, Washington, DC, March.

5. Bunney WE, Hartmann E (1965): Study of a patient with 48-hour manic-depressive cycles. I. An analysis of behavioral factors. Arch Gen Psychiat 12: 611-618.

6. Bunney WE, Hartmann E (1965): Study of a patient with 48-hour manic-depressive cycles. II. Strong positive correlation between endocrine factors and manic defense patterns. Arch Gen Psychiat 12: 619-625.

7. Hartmann E (1965): The D-state: A review and discussion of studies on the physiological state concomitant with dreaming. New Eng J Med 273: 30-35, 87-92.

8. Hartmann E (1965): The biology of dreaming. Medical News, London, No. 166, 12-13, December 10.

9. Hartmann E (1966): Sleep and dream patterns in manic- depressive patients. Report to the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep. Gainesville, Florida, March.

10. Hartmann E, Freedman D, Zack M, Kluft R (1966): The effect of tryptophan-free diet on sleep and dream patterns in the rat. Report to the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep, Gainesville, Florida, March.

11. Hartmann E, Freedman D (1966): The effect of "dream-deprivation" on brain serontin and norepinephrine levels in the rat. Report to the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep, Gainesville, Florida, March.

12. Hartmann E: The D-state (1966): A review and discussion of studies on the physiologic state concomitant with dreaming. Int J Psychiat 2:11-47.

13. Hartmann E, Verdone P, Snyder F (1966): Longitudinal studies of sleep and dreaming patterns in psychiatric patients. J Nerv Ment Dis 142: 117-126.

14. Hartmann E (1966): The D-state (dreaming sleep) and the menstrual cycle. Rec Adv Biol Psychiat 8: 34-35.

15. Hartmann E (1966): Reserpine--Its effect on the sleep-dream cycle in man. Psychopharmacologia 9: 242-247.

16. Hartmann E (1966): Mechanism underlying the sleep-dream cycle. Nature 212: 648-659.

17. Bowers M, Jr, Hartmann E, Freedman D (1966): Sleep deprivation and brain acetylcholine. Science 153: 1416-1417.

18. Hartmann E (1966): "The psychophysiology of free will: An example of vertical research". In Lowenstein R, Newman L, Schur M, Solnit A (Eds.) Psychoanalysis, A General Psychology. New York, International Universities Press, pp 521-536.

19. Hartmann E (1966): The D-state (dreaming sleep) and psychosomatic illness. Proceedings of the First International Congress Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine. Excerpta Medica International Congress Series No. 134: 203-206.

20. Hartmann E (1966): Dreaming sleep (the D-state) and the menstrual cycle. J Nerv Ment Dis 143: 406-416.

21. Hartmann E (1966): Some studies on the biochemistry of dreaming sleep. (Proceedings of the IV World Congress of Psychiatry, Madrid, September). Excerpta Medica International Congress Series No. 150.

22. Rosenblatt G, Bernstein J, Hartmann E (1967): Electrocardiographic changes during three days of drug induced sleep (Dauerschlaf). Report to the Association for the Psychophysiological Study of Sleep, Santa Monica, California, April.

23. Hartmann E (1967): The sleep-dream cycle and brain serotonin. Psychon Sci 8: 295-296.

24. Hartmann E (1967): The Biology of Dreaming. Springfield, Charles C. Thomas, 1967. (French translation: Hartmann E: Biologie Du Reve (Translated by Lejeune H, Thielen M) Charles Dessart (Ed.), Bruxelles, Charles Dessart.

25. Hartmann E (1967): The effect of L-tryptophan on the sleep-dream cycle in man. Psychon Sci 8: 479-480.

26. Hartmann E (1967): Glasser B, Hartmann E, Avery N: Attitudes toward adolescents on adult wards of a mental hospital. Amer J Psychiat 124: 317-322.

27. Hartmann E (1967): "Sleep and dream patterns in manic-depressive patients". In Psicofisiologia del Sonno e del Sogno (Atti del simposio internazionale). Milano, Vita E. Pensiero, pp 198-212.

28. Hartmann E (1967): The effect of LSD and l-tryptophan on the sleep-dream cycle in the rat. Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 390.

29. Hartmann E (1967): Antidepressants and the need for D (and suggested mechanism maintaining depression). Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 390-391.

30. Hartmann E (1967): Adaptation to the sleep laboratory and placebo effect. Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 389.

31. Hartmann E (1967): Summary of some studies on the relationship of brain serotonin to the sleep- dream cycle. Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 388.

32. Hartmann E (1967): Dauerschlaf: An EEG study. Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 388-389.

33. Hartmann E (1967): Pharmacological studies in man: Phenobarbital (Nembutal), amitriptyline (Elavil), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), and R 05-6901 (Dalmane). Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 391.

34. Hartmann E, Bernstein J, Wilson C (1967): Sleep and dreaming in the elephant. Abs: Psychophysiolog 4: 389.

35. Rosenblatt G, Bernstein J, Hartmann E (1967): Adaptation to the sleep laboratory and placebo effect Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 390.

36. Ravenscroft K, Hartmann E (1967): The temporal correlation of nocturnal asthmatic attacks and the D-state. Abs: Psychophysiology 4: 396.

37. Hartmann E (1968): Daureschlaf: A polygraphic study. Arch Gen Psychiat 18: 99-111.

38. Greenberg R, Pearlman C, Brook R, Mayer R, Hartmann E (1968): Dreaming and Korsakoff's psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiat 18: 203-209.

39. Hartmann E, Glasser B, Greenblatt M, Solomon M, Levinson D (1968): Adolescents in a Mental Hospital. New York, Grune and Stratton.

40. Hartmann E (1968): On the pharmacology of dreaming sleep (the D-state). J Nerv Ment Dis 146: 165-173.

41. Hartmann E (1968): The 90-minute sleep-dream cycle. Arch Gen Psychiat 18: 280-286.

42. Hartmann E (1968): The effect of four drugs on sleep patterns in man. Psychopharmacologia 12: 346-353.

43. Rosenblatt G, Zwilling G, Hartmann E (1968): A sleep regimen for acute myocardial infarction. (Letter) The Lancet 1: 1040.

44. Hartmann E (1968): Longitudinal sleep studies in manic-depressive patients. Abs: Psychophysiology 5: 236.

45. Hartmann E (1968): The day residue: Time distribution of waking events. Abs: Psychophysiology 5: 222.

46. Hartmann E (1968): Amitriptyline and imipramine: Effects on human sleep. Abs: Psychophysiology 5: 207.

47. Van der Kolk B, Hartmann E (1968): Sensory deprivation and subsequent sleep. Abs: Psychophysiology 5: 234.

48. Adelman S, Hartmann E (1968): Psychological effects of amitriptyline-induced dream deprivation. Abs: Psychophysiology 5: 312-329.

49. Hartmann E (1968): Sleep and the monoamines. Abs: Psychophysiology 5: 211.

50. Hartmann E (1968): Longitudinal studies of sleep and dream patterns in manic-depressive patients. Arch Gen Psychiat 19: 312-329.

51. Hartmann E, Marcus J, Leinoff A (1968): Sleep-dream cycle and convulsion threshold. Psychon Sci 13: 141-142.

52. Hartmann E (1969): The biochemistry and pharmacology of the D-state (dreaming sleep). Exp Med Surg 27: 105-120.

53. Hartmann E (1969): "Mania, depression and sleep". In Kales A (Ed.) Sleep: Physiology and Pathology. New York, J.B. Lippincott, pp 183-191.

54. Hartmann E (1969): "Antidepressants and sleep: Clinical the theoretical implications". In Kales A (Ed.) Sleep: Physiology and Pathology. New York, J.B. Lippincott, pp 308-316.

55. Hartmann E, Glasser B, Herrera E (1969): Adolescent inpatients: Five years later. Seminars in Psychiatry 1: 66-78.

56. Hartmann E (1969): Convulsion threshold: Effect of conditions which alter D-pressure. Abs: Psychophysiology 6: 222-223

57. Hartmann E, Baekeland F, Zwilling G, Hoy P (1969): Long sleepers and short sleepers: Preliminary results. Abs: Psychophysiology 6: 255-256.

58. Rosenblatt G, Zwilling G, Hartmann E (1969): Electrocardiographic changes during sleep in patients with cardiac abnormalities. Abs: Psychophysiology 6: 233.

59. Schildkraut J, Hartmann E (1969): Seventy-two hours on an island: Effects on turnover and metabolism of norepinephrine in rat brain. Abs: Psychophysiology 6: 220.

60. Hartmann E (1970): Pharmacological studies of sleep and dreaming: Chemical and clinical relationships. Biol Psychiat 1: 243-258.

61. Hartmann E (1970): "The Pharmacology of dreaming sleep and its psychiatric implications". In Madow L (Ed.) The Psychodynamic implications of the Physiological Studies in Dreams. Springfield, Charles C. Thomas, pp 47-70.

62. Hartmann E (1970): The effects of diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) on sleep in man. Abs: Psychophysiology 7: 316

63. Hartmann E (1970): L-tryptophan and 5-OH-tryptophan: Effects on human sleep. Abs: Psychophysiology 7: 316.

64. Hartmann E, Bernstein J (1970): The effect of drugs on sleep: Long-term human studies. Abs: Psychophysiology 7: 345.

65. Hartmann E, Bridwell TJ (1970): Effects of AMPT, 1-DOPA, and l-tryptophan on sleep in the rat. Abs: Psychophysiology 7: 313

66. Hartmann E, Bridwell TJ (1970): Temporal relationship of increased D-time and decreased brain NE after AMPT in the rat. Abs: Psychophysiology 7: 313

67. Baekeland F, Hartmann E, Hoy P, Zwilling G, (1970): Sleep patterns of long and short sleepers. Abs: Psychophysiology 7: 296

68. Hartmann E (Ed.) (1970): Sleep and Dreaming (International Psychiatry Clinics Series, Vol 7, No. 2). Boston, Little, Brown & Co.

69. Baekeland F, Hartmann E (1970): Sleep requirements and the characteristics of some sleepers. In Hartmann E (Ed.) Sleep and Dreaming. Boston, Little, Brown & Co., pp 33-43.

70. Hartmann E (1970): "What sleep is good sleep?" In Hartmann E (Ed.) Sleep and Dreaming. Boston, Little, Brown & Co., pp 59-69.

71. Hartmann E (1970): "A note on the nightmare." In Hartmann E (Ed.) Sleep and Dreaming. Boston, Little, Brown & Co., pp 192-197.

72. Hartmann E (1970): "The D-state and norepinephrine-dependent systems." In Hartmann E (Ed.) Sleep and Dreaming. Boston, Little, Brown & Co., pp 308-328.

73. Hartmann E, Baekeland F, Zwilling G, Hoy P (1971): Sleep need: How much sleep and what kind? Amer J Psychiat 127: 1001-1008.

74. Hartmann E, Chung R, Chien C (1971): L-trytophan and sleep. Psychopharmacologia 19: 114-127.

75. Baekeland F, Hartmann E (1971): Reported sleep characteristics: Effects of age, sleep length and psychiatric impairment. Comp Psychiat 12: 141-147.

76. Hartmann E, Bridwell TJ, Schildkraut JJ (1971): Alpha-methylparatyrosine and sleep in the rat. Psychopharmacologia 21: 157-164.

77. Hartmann E (1971): L-tryptophan as a physiological hypnotic. The Lancet (letter of Apr 17), p 807.

78. Hartmann E, Chung R, Draskoczy PR (1971): Effects of 6-Hydroxydopamine on sleep in the rat. Nature 233: 425-427.

79. Schildkraut JJ, Watson R, Draskoczy PR, Hartmann E (1971): Amphetamine withdrawal: Depression and MHPG excretion. The Lancet (letter of Aug 28) pp 485-486.

80. Stern WC, Hartmann E (1971): Catecholamines and desynchronized sleep. The Proceedings of the 79th Annual Convention, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, pp 743-744.

81. Hartmann E, Chung R (1971): L-trpytophan: Effect on sleep in the normal rat and the rat with lowered brain catecholamines. Abs: Psychophysiology 9: 87-88.

82. Hartmann E, Cravens J, Stanford G, Zwilling G, Bernstein J (1972): Long-term effect of drugs on sleep: Reserpine, amitriptyline, chlorpromazine, chloral hydrate, chlordiazepoxide, placebo. Abs: Psychophysiology 9: 94.

83. Hartmann E, Stern WC (1972): Active avoidance conditioning: Effects of D-deprivation and of altered brain catecholamines. Abs: Psychophysiology 9: 146.

84. Hartmann E, Stern W, Chung R, Draskoczy PR, Schildkraut JJ (1972): 6-Hydroxydopamine: Effect on sleep patterns and on behavior in the rat. Abs: Psychophysiology 9: 85.

85. Stern WC, Bridwell TJ, Hartmann EL (1972): Behavioral effects of desynchronized sleep deprivation in rats. Abs: Psychophysiology 9: 146.

86. Stern WC, Hartmann E (1972): Effects of dextro-amphetamine following desynchronized sleep deprivation in rats. Abs: Psychophysiology 9: 145.

87. Stern WC, Hartmann E (1972): Reduced amphetamine lethality following chronic stress. Psychopharmacologia 23: 167-170.

88. Hartmann E (1972): How to help your patients sleep better. Medical Times 100: 126-138.

89. Hartmann E, Chung R (1972): Sleep-inducing effects of l-tryptophan. J Pharm Pharmacol 24: 252-253.

90. Stern WC, Hartmann EL, Draskoczy PR, Schildkraut JJ (1972): Behavioral effects of centrally administered 6-hydroxydopamine. Psychological Reports 30: 815-820.

91. Hartmann E, Stern WC (1972): Desynchronized sleep deprivation: Learning deficit and its reversal by increased catecholamines. Physiology and Behavior 8: 585-587.

92. Hartmann E, Baekeland F, Zwilling GR (1972): Psychological differences between long and short sleepers. Arch Gen Psychiat 26: 463-468.

93. Schildkraut JJ, Hartmann E (1972): Turnover and metabolism of norepinephrine in rats brain after 72 hours on a D-deprivation island. Psychopharmacologia 27: 17-27.

94. Watson R, Hartmann E, Schildkraut JJ (1972): Amphetamine withdrawal: Affective state, sleep patterns, and MHPG excretion. Amer J Psychiat 129: 263-269.

95. Hartmann E, Cravens J, Auchincloss S, Bernstein J, Beroz M, Marsden H, Stanford G, Sullivan P, Wise, S (1972): Placebo, reserpine, amitriptyline, chlorpromazine, chloral hydrate, and chlordiazepoxide: Long-term effects on human sleep. Sleep Research 1: 51.

96. Hartmann, E (1972): Is l-tryptophan a natural hypnotic? Sleep Research 1: 51.

97. Hartmann E, Chung R (1972): Sleep in a strain of rat (SHR) with reduced catecholamine synthesis. Sleep Research 1: 53.

98. Hartmann E, Popper C (1972): Brain tyrosine hydroxylase: Effects of D-deprivation and other forms of stress. Sleep Research 1: 54

99. Hartmann E, Zwilling G (1972): Effect of alpha and beta blockers on sleep patterns in the rat. Sleep Research 1: 54.

100. Makipour H, Iber FL, Hartmann E (1972): Effects of l-tryptophan on sleep in hospitalized insomniac patients. Sleep Research 1: 65.

101. Hartmann E, Galginaitis C, Moran E, Owen A, Buchanan K, (1972): When do we need more or less sleep: A study of variable sleepers. Sleep Research 1: 134.

102. Orzack, M, Hartmann E, (1972): Sleep and attention in schizophrenic patients. Sleep Research 1: 143.

103. Hartmann E (1973): "Effects on sleep patterns of altering brain catecholamine levels". In Jovanovic U (Ed.) The Nature of Sleep. Stuttgart, Gustav Fisher, pp 290-295.

104. Hartmann E (1973): "Effects of l-tryptophan on sleep: Human and animal studies". In Jovanovic U (Ed.) The Nature of Sleep. Stuttgart, Gustav Fisher, pp 282-285.

105. Hartmann E (1973): "Functions of sleep". In Jovanovic U (Ed.) The Nature of Sleep. Stuttgart, Gustav Fisher, pp 238-251.

106. Rosenblatt G, Hartmann E, Zwilling G, (1973): Cardiac irritability during sleep and dreaming. J Psychom Res 17: 129-134.

107. Hartmann E (1973): Sleep requirement: Long sleepers, short sleepers, variable sleepers, and insomniacs. Psychosomatics 14: 95-103.

108. Davis DM, Hartmann E (1973): A comparison of the effects of Sominex, placebo, and no medication on human sleep. Sleep Research 2: 59.

109. Hartmann E, Cravens J, List S (1973): L-tryptophan as a natural hypnotic: A dose response study in man. Sleep Research 2: 59.

110. Hartmann E, Schildkraut J (1973): Desynchronized sleep and MHPG excretion: An inverse relationship. Sleep Research 2: 130.

111. Hartmann E, Zwilling G, List S (1973): Effects of alpha-adrenergic blocker on sleep in the rat. Sleep Research 2: 58

112. Hartmann E, Koski S, List S (1973): Effects of d- and l-amphetamine on sleep in the rat. Sleep Research 2: 101.

113. Brewer V, Hartmann E (1973): Variable sleepers: When is more or less sleep required. Sleep Research 2: 128.

114. Hartmann E, Zwilling G, Koski S, List S (1973): The effects of pimozide on sleep in the rat. Sleep Research 2: 57.

115. Cravens J, Hartmann E (1973): Long-term administration of placebo versus baseline. Sleep Research 2: 101.

116. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): The effects of long-term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: I. Methodology and the effects of placebo. Psychopharmacologia 33: 153-167.

117. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): The effects of long-term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: II. The effects of reserpine. Psychopharmacologia 33: 169-184.

118. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): The effects of long-term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: III. The effects of amitriptyline. Psychopharmacologia 33: 185-202.

119. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): The effects of long-term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: IV. The effects of chlorpromazine. Psychopharmacologia 33: 203-218.

120. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): The effects of long-term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: V. The effects of chloral hydrate. Psychopharmacologia 33: 218-232.

121. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): The effects on long-term administration of psychotropic drugs on human sleep: VI. The effects of chlordiazepoxide. Psychopharmacologia 33: 233-245.

122. Hartmann E, Schildkraut, JJ (1973): Desynchronized sleep and MHPG excretion: An inverse correlation. Brain Research 61: 412-416.

123. Schildkraut JJ, Keeler BA, Grab EL, Kantrowich J, Hartmann E (1973): MHPG excretion and clinical classification in depressive disorders. The Lancet 1: 1251-1252.

124. Schildkraut JJ, Keeler BA, Papousek M, Hartmann E (1973): MHPG excretion in depressive disorders: Relation to clinical subtypes and desynchronized sleep. Science 181: 762-764.

125. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1973): "Long-term drug effects on human sleep". In Koella WP and Levin P (Eds.) Sleep-Physiology, Biochemistry, Psychology, Pharmacology, Clinical Implications. Basel, S. Karger, pp 477-485.

126. Hartmann E (1973): The Functions of Sleep. New Haven, Yale University Press. 127. Herrera E, Lifson BG, Hartmann E, Solomon M (1974): A ten year follow-up of 55 hospitalized adolescents. Amer J Psychiat 131: 769-774.

128. Hartmann E (1974): The functions of sleep. The Annual of Psychoanalysis, 2: 271-289.

129. Hartmann E (1974): "Effect of psychotropic drugs on desynchronized sleep". In Itil T (ed.) Psychotropic Drugs and the Human Ego. Basel, S. Karger, pp 216-227.

130. Hartmann E (1974): "The effect of drugs on sleep". In van Praag HM and Meinardi H (eds.) The Brain and Sleep. Amsterdam, De Erven Bohn BV, pp 106-130.

131. Hartmann E, Cravens J, List S (1974): Hypnotic effects of l-tryptophan. Arch Gen Psychiat 31: 394-395.

132. Hartmann E, Zwilling G, Pochay V, Chung R (1974): Intraventricular administration of neurotransmitters: Effects on sleep. Sleep Research 3: 41

133. Cravens J, Sheehan J, Hartmann E (1974): The sleep spindle: Effects of chlordiazepoxide, effects of other conditions. Sleep Research 3: 48.

134. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1974): d- and l-amphetamine: Effects on human sleep. Sleep Research 3: 51.

135. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1974): Long-term psychotropic drug administration: Effects on dream content and on REM density. Sleep Research 3: 119

136. Hartmann E, Orzack MH, Branconnier R (1974): Deficits produced by sleep deprivation: Reversal by d- and l-amphetamine. Sleep Research 3: 151.

137. Hartmann E (1974): Use of hypnotics (Letter to the Editor). New Eng J Med 292: 217.

138. Hartmann E (1974): L-tryptophan: A possible natural hypnotic substance. J Am Med Assoc 230: 1680- 1681.

139. Hartmann E (1975): "Dreams and other hallucinations: An approach to the underlying mechanism". In Siegel RK and West LJ Hallucinations: Behavior, Experience and Theory. New York, John Wiley and Sons.

140. Hartmann E, Cravens J, Silverman M (1975): "L-tryptophan and human sleep". In Levin P and Koella WP (Eds.) Sleep: Instinct, Neurophysiology, Endocrinology, Episodes, Dreams, Epilepsy and Intracranial Pathology. Basel, S. Karger, pp 487-490.

141. Hartmann E (1975): "Effects of amitriptyline on sleep patterns". In Amitriptyline in the Management of Depression. West Point, PA Merck, Sharp & Dohme.

142. Davis D, Tyler J, Hartmann E (1975): Effects on human sleep of l-tryptophan, 1 and 2 grams. Sleep Research 4: 72.

143. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1975): Effects of long-term administration of l-tryptophan on human sleep. Sleep Research 4: 76.

144. Hartmann E, Zwilling G, Pochay V (1975): Norepinephrine and dopamine: Differential effects on sleep in the rat. Sleep Research 4: 77.

145. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1975): Loxapine succinate: Short and long-term effects on human sleep. Sleep Research 4: 96.

146. Hartmann E, Pochay V, Zwilling G (1975): Fusaric acid: Effects on sleep in the rat. Sleep Research 4: 97.

147. Glaubman H, Hartmann E (1975): The relationship between prior day activity and sleep patterns. Sleep Research 4: 170.

147a. Silverman MH, Hartmann EL (1975): Transcendental meditation and sleep. Sleep Research 4: 177.

148. Hartmann E, Zwilling G (1975): Intraventricular norepinephrine and dopamine: Differential effects on sleep in the rat. Abs: Neuroscience Abstracts 1: 248.

149. Hartmann E, Brewer V (1975): When is more or less sleep required: A study of variable sleepers. Comp Psychiat 17: 275-284.

150. Hartmann E (1976): "Long-term administration of psychotropic drugs: Effects on human sleep". In Williams R and Karacan I (eds.) Pharmacology of sleep. New York, John Wiley and Sons, pp 221-224.

151. Hartmann E (1976): "L-trpytophan: Effects on sleep". In Sicuteri F (ed.) Clinical Pharmacology of Serontonin. Basel, S. Karger, pp 1-9.

152. Hartmann E, Spinweber CL (1976): "The effects of psychotropic medication on human sleep". In Usdin E and Forrest I (Eds.) Psychotherapeutic Drugs. New York, Marcel Dekker, pp 665-698.

153. Hartmann E, Zwilling G (1976): The effect of alpha and beta adrenergic receptor blockers on sleep in the rat. Pharm Biochem & Behav. 5 (2): 135-138.

154. Hartmann E (1976): Schizophrenia: A hypothesis derived from sleep and dream research. Sleep Research 5: 19.

155. Hartmann E, Elion R (1976): The effects of l-trytophan on the first night of sleep. Sleep Research 5: 55.

156. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1976): Amino acids and human sleep: The effects of l-tryptophan, glycine, l-leucine and placebo. Sleep Research 5: 45.

157. Hartmann E, Pochay V (1976): The effects of gamma-hydroxbutyrate on sleep in the rat. Sleep Research 5: 56. 158. Spinweber CL, Hartmann E (1976): Long and short sleepers: Male and female subjects: Sleep, personality and biochemical measures. Sleep Research 5: 112.

159. Hartmann E, Spinweber CL, Ware C (1976): L-tryptophan, l-leucine, and placebo: Effects on subjective alertness. Sleep Research 5: 57.

160. Hartmann E (1976): The dream as a "royal road" to the biology of the mental apparatus (Discussion of the changing use of dreams in psychoanalytic practice). Int J Psychoanal 57: 331-334.

161. Hartmann E (1976): Schizophrenia: A theory. Psychopharmacology 49: 1-15.

162. Hartmann E, Cravens J (1976): Sleep: Effects of d- and l-amphetamine in man and in rat. Psychopharmacology 50: 171-175.

163. Hartmann E (1977): Drugs for insomnia. Rational Drug Therapy 11: 1-6. (German translation: Hartmann E (1978): Arzneimittegegen Schlaflosigklit. Internist 18: 552-556.)

164. Hartmann E (1977): "Sleep". In World Book Year Book. Chicago, Colliers, pp 109-121.

165. Hartmann E (1977): L-tryptophan: A rational hypnotic with clinical potential. Amer J Psychiat 134: 366-370.

166. Hartmann E, Teschke, M (1977): Biology of schizophrenia: Mental effects dopamine-B-hydroxylase inhibition in normal men. The Lancet: 1: 37-38.

167. Hartmann E, Elion R (1977): The insomnia of "sleeping in a strange place". Effects of l-tryptophan. Psychopharmacology 53: 131-133.

168. Hartmann E, Orzack M, Branconnier R (1977): Sleep deprivation deficits and their reversal by d- and l-amphetamine. Psychopharmacology 53: 185-189.

169. Regestein Q, Hartmann E, Reich P (1977): A head movement disorder occurring in dreaming sleep. Psychopharmacology 164: 432-435.

170. Hartmann E (1977): "Sleep" in Nicholi A (ed.) The Harvard Guide to Modern Psychiatry. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1977, pp 103-112.

171. Hartmann E (1977): L-tryptophan as an hypnotic agent: A review. Waking and Sleeping 1: 155-161.

172. Hartmann E (1977): "L-tryptophan: An effective hypnotic". In Masserman JH, Current Psychiatric Therapies, Vol 17. New York, Grune and Stratton, pp 165-169.

173. Hartmann E (1977): Tryptophan and sleep: Studies in rats, normal human subjects, and insomniacs. Presented to the Second International Meeting of the Society for Tryptophan Research. Madison, Wisconsin August, 1977. Abs: ISTRY Proceedings, p 55. 174. Hartmann E, Spinweber C, Fernstrom JL: Diet, amino acids, and sleep. Sleep Research 6: 61.

175. Hartmann E, Teschke M, Spinweber C (1977): Fusaric acid and l-DOPA: Effects on sleep. Sleep Research 6: 60.

176. Spinweber C, Hartmann E (1977): Long and short sleepers: MHPG and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion. Sleep Research 6: 65.

177. Spinweber C, Hartmann E (1977): Long and short sleepers: MHPG and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid excretion. Presented to Society for Neuroscience.

178. Hartmann E (1978): Sleep as a biological predictor in mental illness. In Akishal H and Webb W (eds.) Psychiatric Diagnosis. New York, SP Medical and Scientific Books, Spectrum, pp 391-410.

179. Glaubman H, Hartmann E (1978): Daytime state and nighttime sleep: A sleep study after a marathon group experience. Perceptual and Motor Skills 46: 711-715.

180. Hartmann E (1978): The Sleeping Pill. New Haven, Yale University Press.

181. Hartmann E, Skoff B, Russ D, Oldfield M (1978): The biochemistry of the nightmare: Possible involvement of dopamine. Sleep Research 7: 185.

182. Hartmann E, Russ D, (1978): The personality of the nightmare sufferer: Relationship to schizophrenia? Sleep Research 7: 185.

183. Angel C, Spinweber C, Hartmann E (1978): Fusaric acid and l-DOPA: Effects on sleep. Sleep Research 7: 89.

184. Spinweber C, Hartmann E (1978): Effects of low-doses of l-tryptophan on human sleep. Sleep Research 7: 115.

185. Hartmann E (1978): Effects of psychotropic drugs on sleep: the catecholamines and sleep. In Lipton M, DiMascio A, Killiam K (Eds.) Psychopharmacology: A Generation of Progess. New York, Raven Press, pp 711-728.

186. Gardos G, Tecce J, Hartmann E, Bowers P, Cole J (1978): Treatment with mesoridazine and thioridazine in chronic schizophrenia: I. Assessment of clinical and electrophysiologic responses in refractory hallucinating schizophrenics. Comprehensive Psychiatry 19: 517-525.

187. Gardos G, Tecce J, Hartmann E, Bowers P, Cole J (1978): Treatment with mesoridazine and thioridazine in chronic schizophrenia: II. Potential predictors of drug response. Comprehensive Psychiatry 19: 527-532.

188. Gelenberg AJ, Klerman CL, Hartmann E, Salt P (1978): Recurrent unipolar depressions with a 48-hour cycle: Report of a case. Brit J Psychiatry 133: 123-129.

189. Hartmann, E (1978): L-tryptophan: The sleeping pill of the future? Psychology Today 12: 180. 190. Hartmann, E (1979): Catecholamines and sleep. In Usdin E, Kopin I, Barchas J (Eds.) Catecholamines: Basic and Clinical Frontiers. New York, Pergamon Press, pp 1750-1752.

191. Hartmann, E (1979): L-tryptophan and sleep. In Passouant P, Oswald I (Eds.) Pharmacology of the States of Alertness. Oxford, New York, Pergamon Press, pp 75-83.

192. Hartmann E, Russ D (1979): Frequent nightmares and the vulnerability to schizophrenia: The personality of the nightmare sufferer. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 15: 11-12.

193. Hartmann E, Spinweber C (1979): Fluvoxamine -- a seratonin reuptake blocker: Effects on sleep. Sleep Research 8: 163.

194. Hartmann E (1979): How does insomnia begin? A study of 100 cases. Sleep Research 8: 98.

195. Hartmann E, Russ D, van der Kolk, B (1979): Lifelong nightmares: A possible indicator of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Sleep Research 8: 98.

196. Hartmann E, Oldfield M, Carpenter J (1979): Tryptophan dietary intake: Effect on subjective sleepiness. Sleep Research 8: 98.

197. Hartmann E, Spinweber C (1979): Sleep induced by l-tryptophan. Effects of dosages within the normal dietary intake. J Nerv Ment Dis 167: 497-499.

198. Hartmann E, Teschke M (1979): The physiological effects of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibition in normal subjects. Biological Psychiatry 14: 455-462.

199. Hartmann E, (1979): What we now know about sleep. Medical Times 107: 1d-19d.

200. Hartmann E, (1979): Alcohol and bruxism. New Eng J Med 301: 334.

201. Hartmann E, (1980): Sleep and the sleep disorders. In van Praag H, Lader M, Rafaelsen O, Sachar E (Eds.): Handbook of Biological Psychiatry. New York, Marcel Dekker, pp 331-358.

202. Hartmann E, (1980): Sleep. In Kaplan H, Freedman A, Sadock S (Eds.): Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry III. Baltimore, MD, Williams and Wilkins Co., pp 165-177.

203. Hartmann E, (1980): Sleep disorders. In Kaplan H, Freedman A, Sadock S (Eds.): Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry III. Baltimore, MD, Williams and Wilkins Co., pp 2014-2029.

204. van der Kolk B, Hartmann, E, Burr A, Blitz R (1980): A survey of nightmare frequencies in a veteran's outpatient clinic. Sleep Research 9: 229.

205. Hartmann E, Russ D, Oldfield M, Falke R, Skoff B (1980): Dream content: Effects of l-DOPA. Sleep Research 9: 153.

206. Lindsley JG, Hartmann E, Spinweber C, Siegel A, Wolf RL (1980): L-tryptophan, placebo, flurazepam, secobarbital: Preliminary results in insomnia patients. Sleep Research 9: 74.

207. Hartmann E, Lindsley JG, Spinweber C, Siegel A, Wolf RL (1980): L-tryptophan as a possible hypnotic agent. Third International Meeting of The International Society for Tryptophan Research (ISTRY), Kyoto, August. Abs: ISTRY Proceedings, p 119.

208. Cole J, Hartmann E, Brigham P (1980): L-tryptophan: Clinical studies. McLean Hospital Journal 5: 37-71.

209. Hartmann E (1980): Insomnia and sleep disturbances in the aged. J Geriatric Psychiatry, 23: 179-182.

210. Hartmann E (1981): Alcohol and the sleep disorders. In Mansell Pattison E, Kaufman E (Eds.), Encyclopedic Handbook of Alcoholism. New York, Gardner Press, Inc..

211. Hartmann E (1981): The strangest sleep disorder. Psychology Today, April: 14-18.

212. Hartmann E, Russ D, van der Kolk B, Falke R, Oldfield M (1981): A preliminary study of the personality of the nightmare sufferer: Relationship to schizophrenia and creativity? Am J Psychiatry 138: 794-797.

213. Hartmann E (1981): The functions of sleep and memory processing. In Fishbein W (Ed.) Advances in Sleep Research. New York, Spectrum Publications, pp 111-124.

214. Ware JC, Hartmann E (1981): L-Tryptophan and sleep: Effects on REM density. Sleep Research 10: 72.

215. Hartmann E, Marsh E, Soderland C (1981): The antihistamines and sleep: Effects of pyrilamine. Sleep Research 10: 82.

216. Lindsley JG, Hartmann E, Spinweber C, Mitchell W (1981): Severe insomnia: Effects of L-tryptophan, flurazepam, secobarbital, and placebo. Sleep Research 10: 90.

217. Hauri P, Percy L, Hartmann E, Russ D (1981): Treating psychophysiological insomnia with biofeedback, a replication. Sleep Research 10: 167.

218. Hartmann E, Falke R, Russ D, Oldfield M, Sivan I, van der Kolk B (1981): Who has nightmares? Persons with lifelong nightmares compared with vivid dreamers and non-vivid dreamers. Sleep Research 10: 171.

219. van der Kolk BA, Sherry Adinolfi S, Blitz R, Hartmann E, Burr WA (1981): Lifelong versus traumatic nightmares. Sleep Research 10: 178.

220. van der Kolk BA, Burr WA, Blitz RG, Hartmann E (1981): Characteristics of nightmares among veterans with and without combat experience. Sleep Research 10: 179.

221. Hartmann E (1981): Night terrors with somnambulism: A serious sleep disorder. I. A lethal case. Sleep Research 10: 202

222. Hartmann E (1981): Night terrors with somnambulism: A serious sleep disorder. II. A lifelong case with potential for bodily harm. Sleep Research 10: 203.

223. Regestein QR, Hartmann E (1981): A case of severe childhood-onset insomnia relieved only by opiates. Sleep Research 10: 225.

224. Hartmann E (1981): Tryptophan and sleep: Who responds to l-tryptophan? In Perris C, Struwe G, Janssen B (Eds.), Biological Psychiatry 1981, Amsterdam, Elsevier Biomedical Press, pp 613-621.

225. Hauri P, Percy L, Hellekson C, Hartmann E, Russ D (1982): The treatment of psychophysiologic insomnia with biofeedback: A replication study. Biofeedback & Self-Regulation 7: 223-235.

226. Hartmann E (1982): Insomnia. In Usdin E, Skolnick P, Tallman JF Jr., Greenblatt D, Paul SM (Eds.), Pharmacology of Benzodiazepines. Surrey, The Gresham Press, pp 187-198.

227. Hartmann E, Greenwald D, Brune P (1982): Night Terrors-Sleep Walking: Personality Characteristics. Sleep Research 11: 121.

228. van der Kolk B, Sherry S, Blitz R, Burr W, Hartmann E (1982): Rorschach responses in men with lifelong and traumatic nightmares. Sleep Research 11: 131.

229. Lindsley JG, Mitchell WA, Hartmann E (1982): Tentative subclassification of middle insomnia. Sleep Research 11: 156.

230. Hartmann E (1982): From the biology of dreaming to the biology of the mind. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child 37: 303-335.

231. Hartmann E (1982/83): Effects of l-tryptophan on sleepiness and on sleep. In Lieberman HR, Wurtman RJ (Eds.): Research Strategies for Assessing the Behavioral Effects of Foods and Nutrients. Proceedings of a conference held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA November 9, 1982 pp 12-28. Journal of Psychiatric Research 17: 107 -113.

232. Hartmann E (1983): Dreaming. In Funk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia. New York, Funk & Wagnalls, p 344.

233. Hartmann E (1983): Sleep. In Funk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia. New York, Funk & Wagnalls, pp 21-23.

234. Hartmann E, Oldfield M, Adelman S, Edelberg R (1983): Psychological effects of DBH-inhibition: A failure to replicate. Psychopharmacology 79: 352-356.

235. Hartmann E, Lindsley JG, Spinweber C (1983): Chronic Insomnia: Effects of tryptophan, flurazepam, secobarbital, and placebo. Psychopharmacology 80: 138-142.

236. Hartmann E (1984): Insomnia: Diagnosis and treatment. In Bernstein JG: Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2nd edition. Boston/Bristol/London, John Wright. PSG Inc., pp 177-188.

237. Hartmann E, Greenwald D (1984): Tryptophan and human sleep: An analysis of 43 studies. In Shlossberger HG, Kochen W, Linzen B, Steinhart H (Eds.), Progress in Tryptophan and Serotonin Research. Berlin/New York, Walter de Gruyer & Co., pp 297-304.

238. Hartmann E (1984): (Clinical and behavioral effects of tryptophan): Introduction to workshop. In Schlossberger HG, Kochen W, Linzen B, Steinhart H (Eds.), Progess in Tryptophan and Serotonin Research. Berlin/New York, Walter de Gruyer & Co., pp 291-296.

239. Lindsley JG, Hartmann E, Mitchell W (1983): Selectivity in response to l-tryptophan among insomniac subjects: A preliminary report. Sleep 6: 247-256.

240. Hartmann E, Spinweber C, Ware JC (1983): Effects of amino acids on quantified sleepiness. Nutrition and Behavior 1: 179-183.

241. Hartmann E (1983): Night terrors with sleepwalking -- a potentially lethal disorder. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 171: 503-505.

242. van der Kolk BA, Blitz R, Burr W, Sherry S, Hartmann E (1984): Nightmares and trauma: A comparison of nightmares after combat with lifelong nightmares in veterans. American J Psychiatry 141: 187-190.

243. Hartmann E, Sivan I, Cooper S, Treger F (1984): The personality of lifelong nightmare sufferers: Projective test results. Sleep Research 13: 118.

244. Hartmann E, Mitchell W, Brune P, Greenwald D (1984): Childhood nightmares but not childhood insomnia may predict adult psychopathology. Sleep Research 13: 117.

245. Hartmann E, Milofsky E, Vaillant G, Oldfield M, Falke R, Ducey C (1984): Vulnerability to Schizophrenia: Prediction of adult schizophrenia using childhood information. Archives of General Psychiatry 41: 1050-1056.

246. Hartmann E (1984): The Nightmare: The Psychology and Biology of Terrifying Dreams. New York, Basic Books.

247. Hartmann E (1985): Approach to insomnia. Harvard Medical School Mental Health Letter 1: 8.

248. Hartmann E, Brune P, Mitchell W, Lindsley JG (1985): Brotizolam: Effects on insomnia. Sleep Research 14: 247.

249. Hartmann E (1985): Sleep Disorders. In Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ (Eds.) Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry IV. Baltimore/London, Williams and Wilkins, pp 1247-1262.

250. Hartmann E (1985): Sleep. In Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ (Eds.) Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry IV. Baltimore/London, Williams and Wilkins, pp 55-67. 251. Hartmann E, Brune P, Mitchell W, Greenwald D (1985): Vulnerability to schizophrenia: Childhood indicators predict adult outcome. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 21: 503-508.

252. Hartmann E (1986): Effect of L-tryptophan and other amino acids on sleep. Nutrition Reviews 44: (Supplement): 70-73

253. Cooper SH, Hartmann E (1986): Hostility levels of lifetime nightmare sufferers: A test of a clinical hypothesis. Psychoanalytic Psychology 3: 373-377.

254. Hartmann E (1987): The nature of nightmares. In Encyclopedia Britannica: Medical and Health Annual Chicago, IL, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.

255. Myers BA, Klerman GL, Hartmann E (1986): Nocturnal cataclysms with myoclonus: A new side effect of clomipramine. American Journal of Psychiatry 143: 1490-1491.

256. Hartmann E, Russ D, Oldfield M, Sivan I, Cooper S (1987): Who has nightmares? The personality of the lifelong nightmare sufferer. Archives of General Psychiatry 44: 49-56.

257. Hartmann E (1987): The sleep book: Understanding and preventing sleep problems in people over 50. Glenview, IL, Scott, Foresman and Company, Lifelong Learning Division.

258. Hartmann E, Harrison R, Bevis J, Hurwitz I, Holevas A, Dawani H (1987): The Boundary Questionnaire: A measure of thin and thick boundaries derived from the work of nightmare sufferers. Sleep Research 16: 274.

259. Hartmann E, Mehta N, Forgione A, Brune P, LaBrie R (1987): Bruxism: Personality traits and other characteristics. Sleep Research 16: 350.

260. Hartmann E, Mehta N, Forgione A, Brune P, LaBrie R (1987): Bruxism: Effects of Alcohol. Sleep Research 16: 351.

261. Hartmann E (1987): Possible effects of tryptophan ingestion. J Nutr 117: 1314.

262. Hartmann E (1988): Sleep. in Nicholi A (Ed.) The Harvard Guide to Modern Psychiatry (Revised edition). Cambridge and London, Harvard University Press. pp 152-170.

263. Hartmann E (1988): Insomnia; Diagnosis and Treatment in Kracan I, Williams R, Moore C, (Eds.) Sleep Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment. New York, John Wiley, pp 29-46.

264. Hartmann E (1988): Bruxism. In Kryger M, Roth T, Dement W (Eds.), Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. New York, Saunders, pp 385-388.

265. Hartmann E (1988): Dreams: Clinical Aspects. In Kruger M, Roth T, Dement W (Eds.), Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. New York, Saunders, pp 191-195.

266. Hartmann E (1989): Dreaming and Narcolepsy. In Burton S (Ed.) Narcolepsy: Third International Symposium Proceedings. Oak Park Illinois, Associations Plus. pp 61-63 267. Hartmann E (1989): Boundaries of dreams; boundaries of dreamers: Thin and thick boundaries as a new personality dimension. Psychiatric Journal of the University of Ottawa 14: 557-560.

268. Galvin F and Hartmann E (1990): Nightmares, terrors of the night. In Krippner S (Ed.), Dreamtime and Dreamwork; Decoding the Language of the Night. Los Angeles, Jeremy Tarcher, pp 233-243.

269. Hartmann E (1990): Non-dreamers have "thick boundaries"; good dream-recallers "thin boundaries". Sleep Research 19: 135.

270. Hartmann E (1991): Dreaming. In Encyclopedia of Human Biology. New York. Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, pp 191-197

271. Hartmann E (1991) Dreams that work or dreams that poison: What does dreaming do? Dreaming 1: 23-25.

272. Hartmann E (1990): Thin and thick boundaries: Personality, dreams, and imagination. In Kunzendorf, R.G. (Ed.) Mental Imagery. New York, Plenum Press, pp 71-78.

273. Hartmann E (1991): Boundaries in the Mind: A New Psychology of Personality. New York: Basic Books.

274. Hartmann E (1991): Personality and Dream Recall. Encyclopedia of Sleep and Dreaming, New York, NY, Macmillan Publishing, pp 443-444.

275. Hartmann E (1991): Sexual symbolism. Encyclopedia of Sleep and Dreaming, New York, NY, Macmillan Publishing, pp 540-541.

276. Hartmann E (1991): Nightmares. Encyclopedia of Sleep and Dreaming, New York, NY: Macmillan Publishing, pp 406-408.

277. Hartmann E, Elkin R, Garg M, (1991) Personality and Dreaming: The Dreams of People with Very Thick or Very Thin Boundaries. Dreaming 1: 311-324.

278. Hartmann E, Ware J, Watson R, MacFarlane J, Moldofsky H, (1992) When should a sleep-inducing substance be given? A multiple-placebo-controlled study of the timing of tryptophan administration. Sleep Research 21: 57.

279. Hartmann E (1992) Boundaries in the Mind: Boundary structure related to sleep and sleep disorders. Sleep Research 21: 126.

280. Hartmann E (1993): Nightmares and Other Dreams: in Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, edited by Kryger M, Roth T, Dement W (2nd edition). New York, NY, WB Saunders, pp 407- 410.

281. Hartmann E (1993): Bruxism: in Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, edited by Kryger M, Roth T, Dement W, (2nd edition). New York, NY WB Saunders, pp 598-602.

282. Hartmann E (1994): Comments on Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams. Dreaming 4: 76-79.

283. Hartmann E (1995): Dreaming connects: A hypothesis on the Nature and Function of Dreaming Based on Dreams Following Trauma. Sleep Research. 24: 147.

284. Hartmann E (1995): The Dreams of Resolving Trauma: An Approach to Understanding the Functions of of Dreaming. ASD Newsletter 12, #2, pp. 1, 25-26.

285. Hartmann E (1995): Making Connections in a Safe Place: Is Dreaming Psychotherapy? Dreaming, 5: 213-228.

286. Hartmann E (1996): Post-traumatic nightmares versus ordinary nightmares: who develops what kind of nightmares: in Trauma and Dreams, edited by Barrett D. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 100-113.

287. Hartmann E (1996): We do not dream of the Three R's: A Study and Implications. Sleep Research, 25: 136.

288. Hartmann E (1996): Outline for a Theory on the Nature and Functions of Dreaming. Dreaming, 6: 147-170.

289. Hartmann E (1997): Dreaming. Encyclopedia of Human Biology, San Diego, CA: Academic Press, Inc., 2 ed. Vol. 3.

290. Kunzendorf R, Hartmann E, Cohen R, Cutler J, (1997): Bizarreness of the Dreams and Daydreams Reported by Individuals with Thin and Thick Boundaries. Dreaming, 7:265-271.

291. Hartmann E, Rosen R, Rand W, (1997): The Relationship Between Boundary Structure and Dream Content. Sleep Research, 26, 275.

292. Hartmann E, Rosen R, Gazells N, Moulton H, (1997): Contextualizing Images in Dreams — Images That Picture of Provide a Context for an Emotion. Sleep Research, 26, 274.

293. Hartmann, E, (1997). Nature and Function of Dreams. Sleep Research Bulletin 3, 17-26.

294. Hartmann, E, (1997). The Concept of boundaries in counselling and psychotherapy. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, Vol. 25, No. 2: 147-162.

295. McNamara P, Clark J, Hartmann, E, (1998). Handedness and Dream Content. Dreaming, 8: 15-22.

296. Hartmann E, Rosen R, Rand W, (1998). Personality and Dreaming: Boundary Structure and Dreams, Dreaming, 8: 31-40.

297. Hartmann E, Rosen R, Grace N, (1998). Contextualizing Images in Dreams: More Frequent and More Intense After Trauma. Sleep, 21S, p. 284.

298. Hartmann E, Kunzendorf R, Rosen R, Grace N, (1998). Contextualizing Images in Dreams and Daydreams. Sleep, 21S, p. 279.

299. Zborowski M, McNamara P, Hartmann E, Murphy M, Mattle L, (1998). Boundary Structure Related to Sleep Measures and to Dream Content. Sleep, 21S, p. 284.

300. Hartmann, E, (1998). The Nightmare after Trauma as a Paradigm for all Dreams: A New Approach To the Nature and Functions of Dreaming, Psychiatry, 61: 223-238.

301. Hartmann, E. (1998) Dreams and Nightmares: The New Theory on the Origin and Meaning of Dreams. New York: Plenum Press.

302. Hartmann, E. (1999). Dreaming Contextualizes Emotion: A New Theory on the Nature and Functions of Dreaming. In Bareuther, H., Brede, K., Ebert-Saleh, M., Grünberg, K., Hau, S., eds., Traum, Affekt und Selbst. Tübingen: Fuldaer Verlagsanstalt.

303. Hartmann, E., Zborowski, M., McNamara, P., Rosen, R., Grace, N. (1999). Contextualizing Images in Dreams: Relationship to the Emotional State of the Dreamer. Sleep, 22S, p. 131.

304. Hartmann, E. (1999). The nature and uses of dreaming. USA Today, 127:64-66.

305. Kunzendorf, R., Hartmann, E., Thomas, L, Berensen, L. (1999-2000). Emotionally Directing Visual Sensations: I. Generating Images that Contextualize Emotion and Become “Symbolic”. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 19:269-278.

306. Hartmann, E. (1999). The Psychology and Physiology of Dreaming: A New Synthesis. In Gamwell, L., ed., Dreams 1900-2000: Science, Art, and the Unconscious Mind. New York: State University of New York Press, p. 61-76.

307. Hartmann, E. (1999). Dreams Contextualize Emotion: A new Way of Understanding Dreams and Dream Symbolism. Psychoanalytic Dialogues. 9: 779-788.

308. Hartmann, E. (1999). The nightmare is the most useful dream. Sleep and Hypnosis. 1: 199-203.

309. Hartmann, E. (1999). Thought People and Dream People: Individual Differences On the Waking to Dreaming Continuum. In Kunzendorf, R., Wallace, D., eds., Individual Differences and Conscious Experience. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. p. 251-268.

310. Hartmann, E. (2000). We do not dream of the 3 R’s: Implications for the Nature of Dreaming Mentation. Dreaming, 10: 103-111

311 Hartmann, E. (2000). The Waking-to-Dreaming Continuum, and the Effects of Emotion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 23: 947-950.

312. Hartmann, E., Stickgold, R. (2000). Contextualizing images in content obtained from different sleep and waking states. Sleep, 23S, p. A172.

313. Hartmann, E., Kunzendorf, R. (2000). Constructing a dream in the laboratory. Sleep, 23S, p. A102.

314. Hartmann, E. (2000). Preface to new edition of Hartmann, E., Dreams and Nightmares: The Origin and Meaning of Dreams. New York: Perseus Press.

315. Hartmann, E. (2001). The nightmare. In Aminoff, M., Daroff, R., eds., Encylopedia of Neurological Sciences. San Diego: Academic Press.

316. Hartmann, E., Zborowski, M., Kunzendorf, R. (2001). The emotion pictured by a dream: an examination of emotions contextualized in dreams. Sleep and Hypnosis, 3, 33-43.

317. Hartmann, E., Kunzendorf, R., Rosen, R., Grace, N. (2001). Contextualizing Images in Dreams and Daydreams. Dreaming, 11:97-104

318. Hartmann, E. (2001). Dreaming. In Lee-Chiong, T., Carskadon, and Sateia, eds., Sleep Medicine. Hanley & Belfus, New York. pp. 93-98

319. Hartmann, E., Zborowski, M., Rosen, R., Grace, N. (2001). Contextualizing images in dreams: more intense after abuse and trauma. Dreaming, 11: 115-126

320. Hartmann, E., Zborowski, M. (2001). Dreams: correlates of the contextualizing image. Sleep, 24-S, A174.

321. Hartmann, E., Zborowski, M., Kunzendorf, R. (2001). Emotions pictured by the dream: an examination of emotions contextualized in dreams. Sleep, 24-S, A174-175.

322. Hartmann, E. (2001) Dreams and Poetry: the same basic mechanism. Psychotherapy Forum. 8(1): 3-6.

323. Hartmann, E., Harrison, R., Zborowski, M. (2001). Boundaries in the Mind: Past Research and Future Directions. North American Journal of Pyshcology. 3: 347-368.

324. Hartmann, E., Kunzendorf, R., Baddour, A., Chapwick, M., Eddins, M., Krueger, C., Latraverse, T., Shannon, R. (2002-2003). Emotion Makes Daydreams More Dreamlike, More Symbolic. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality. 22: 255-274

325. Hartmann, E., Houran, J., Thalbourne, M. (2003). Comparison of Two Alternative Measures of the Boundary Construct. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 96:311-323.

326. Hartmann, E., Basile, R. (2003). Dream Imagery Becomes More Intense After 9/11/01. Dreaming, 13:61- 66

327. Hartmann, E., Basile, R. (2003). Dream Imagery Becomes More Intense After 9/11/01. Sleep, 26-S, p. 88.

328. Hartmann, E. (2003). Daydreaming. In W.E. Craighead & C.B. Nemeroff (Eds.), The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, 3rd Edition. New York: Wiley & Sons. 628-31

329. Zborowski, M., Hartmann, E., Newsom, M., Banar, M. (2003-2004). The Hartmann Boundary Questionnaire: Two Studies Examining Personality Correlates and Interpersonal Behavior. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality. 23: 45-62

330. Hartmann, E. Is the CI (Central Image) the Fast Lane on the Royal Road to the Unconscious? Dream Time …….2006

331. Hartmann, E., and Pavia, H (2006).: Apnea and Dreams: Apnea Patients Dram Less, and have Fewer Apnea-related Dreams. Sleep 29-S, p A-50.

332. Hartmann, E, and Brezler, T. (2006).: A Systematic Change in Dreams after 9/11/01. Sleep 29-S, p A- 48

333. Harrison, R., Hartmann, E., Bevis, J (2006-2007).: Factor Analysis of the Boundary Questionnaire. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, in press.

334. Hartmann,E. and Kunzendorf, R. (2006-2007) The Central Image (CI) in Recent Dreams, Dreams that Stand Out, and Earliest Dreams:P Relationship ro Boundaries, Imagination, Cognition and Personality, In press. .


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